Brake Pad Lifespan and Heat Capacity

KE per stop, rotor temp rise, wear per stop, estimated pad life by material.

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Formula and source

KE (BTU) = 0.5 × m × v² converted via 1 BTU = 778 ft-lb. Rotor temperature rise ΔT = KE / (mass_rotor × specific_heat). Wear rate by pad chemistry: organic / semi-metallic / ceramic typical mil-per-stop benchmarks.

Classical kinetic-energy theorem; SAE J661 friction test, SAE J2522 (brake performance) by name; manufacturer pad-chemistry technical bulletins (Akebono, EBC, Hawk, StopTech).

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