Horizontal Curve Layout
Tangent, length, external, middle ordinate, chord, and PC/PT stations for a circular curve.
Formula and source
T = R*tan(delta/2); L = R*delta_rad (arc definition); E = R*(sec(delta/2)-1); M = R*(1-cos(delta/2)); LC = 2*R*sin(delta/2); arc-definition D = 5729.58/R; PC = PI - T, PT = PC + L.
Simple circular-curve geometry per the AASHTO A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets (the Green Book) and FM 5-233 Construction Surveying, by name; first-principles trig.
Audience
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Posture
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