Cutting Power and Spindle Torque
Cutting horsepower, motor horsepower after drive efficiency, and spindle torque from the material removal rate and the specific cutting energy (unit power: about 1.0 carbon steel, 0.33 aluminum, 1.5 stainless/titanium) -- the stall / motor-size check before a heavy cut. The tool and machine govern the real draw.
Formula and source
Cutting horsepower = MRR (in3/min) x unit power (hp per in3/min); motor horsepower = cutting hp / (efficiency / 100); spindle torque (lb-ft) = 5252 x cutting hp / rpm.
Cutting power and spindle torque - first-principles specific-cutting-energy relation with Machinery's Handbook (Industrial Press) unit-power values, by name; the 5252 torque constant is universal.
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