Wood Tension Member Parallel to Grain (NDS 3.8)
The tie beside the strut: a truss bottom chord or collector checks ft = T/An against Ft x CD x CF, where the net area deducts the bolt holes a gross-area estimate misses. A 2x6 DF-L chord carrying 3,000 lb through one 3/4 in bolt loses 14% of its section at the hole and runs at DCR 0.56; snow-duration CD 1.15 and a clean section relax it to 0.42 - the two levers the code gives a tension member. Single hole line, no stagger; the bolt itself is the wood-bolt-connection tile. A design aid, not the engineer of record's stamped design.
Formula and source
Ag = b d; An = Ag - nh dh b; Ft' = Ft x CD x CF; ft = T/An; DCR = ft/Ft'.
The NDS 2018 3.8.1 tension-parallel-to-grain check on the net section, with the load-duration CD and size CF adjustment factors, by name.
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