Relay Pumping Max Distance
Maximum distance between pumpers in a relay: budget = max discharge - intake residual - 0.434 x elevation; FL_per_100 = C x (Q/100)^2; distance = budget / FL_per_100 x 100. The next intake needs 20 psi or it cavitates, and the distance falls with the square of flow. A planning aid, not incident command.
Formula and source
budget = max_discharge - intake_residual - 0.434 x elevation; FL_per_100 = C x (target_flow / 100)^2; max_distance = budget / FL_per_100 x 100.
IFSTA Pumping Apparatus Driver/Operator relay pumping maximum distance, by name.
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